韩国的漆艺技法——从古代至朝鲜时代(英文)

韩国的漆艺文化已有两千年以上的悠久历史,堪称已经渗入到内房和厢房等生活文化当中的代表性艺术品。目前,韩半岛上的主要生漆生产地为北韩平安北道泰川和南韩江原道原州,占整个半岛生漆产量的大部分。韩国产生漆的品质很好,生漆的主要成分漆酚(Urushiol)的含量高,酶的活度相当好,生漆涂层的干燥时间很短,硬度也很强。但是,南韩原州产高品质生漆的产量较少,价格也比日本产的贵,因此主要依靠中国进口。从史前时代至三国时代,韩国漆艺文化的主要技法是在生漆底上施以颜色绘制纹样,统一新罗时期开始变化为在生漆底上用螺钿、琥珀、青玉、金、银等宝石材料加以装饰。其后,高丽和朝鲜时代螺钿装饰成为漆器上所采用的主要技法。高丽螺钿在中国的宋朝也得到了高度评价,其卓越性被认可,直到现在高丽螺钿也被视为韩国的代表性艺术品之一。     

Power transmission regulation in a liberalised context: An analysis of innovative solutions in South American markets

After decades of reduced need for investment, transmission regulation is increasingly gaining relevance and complexity in liberalised power sectors, mainly due to the need to integrate sometimes distant and large-scale renewable energy sources. We identify the key principles that should be considered at three levels: transmission expansion, remuneration, and cost allocation.The proposals we develop are built upon a review of the noteworthy experiences matured in South America, a region which, besides leading restructuring in the 1980s and 1990s, has with different levels of success always relied on innovative solutions to deal with this crucial regulatory challenge.     

Tomography imaging of South African archaeological and heritage stone and pottery objects

We demonstrate the use of both neutron- and X-ray imaging in two projects. The first project, using both the methods to view the temper in a ceramic sherd in order to model the effect the chemical composition of the temper has on the bulk chemical composition of the sherd showed that X-ray imaging is superior to neutron imaging for a ceramic. The second project, to establish whether apparent incised lines on stone slabs (dated to greater than 180,000 years ago) are natural or artificial, i.e., whether they were deliberately incised or natural, random striations showed conclusively that the incisions are in fact surface manifestations of natural internal fractures in the rock.     

Flow Velocity and Pier Scour Prediction in a Compound Channel: Big Sioux River Bridge at Flandreau, South Dakota

The two-dimensional (2D) depth-averaged river model Finite-Element Surface-Water Modeling System (FESWMS) was used to predict flow distribution at the bend of a compound channel. The site studied was the Highway 13 bridge over the Big Sioux River in Flandreau, South Dakota. The Flandreau site has complex channel and floodplain geometry that produces unique flow conditions at the bridge crossing. The 2D model was calibrated using flow measurements obtained during two floods in 1993. The calibrated model was used to examine the hydraulic and geomorphic factors that affect the main channel and floodplain flows and the flow interactions between the two portions. A one-dimensional (1D) flow model of the bridge site was also created in Hydrologic Engineering Centers River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) for comparison. Soil samples were collected from the bridge site and tested in an erosion function apparatus (EFA) to determine the critical shear stress and erosion rate constant. The results of EFA testing and 2D flow modeling were used as inputs to the Scour Rate in Cohesive Soils (SRICOS) method to predict local scour at the northern and southernmost piers. The sensitivity of predicted scour depth to the hydraulic and soil parameters was examined. The predicted scour depth was very sensitive to the approach-flow velocity and critical shear stress. Overall, this study has provided a better understanding of 2D flow effects in compound channels and an overall assessment of the SRICOS method for prediction of bridge pier scour.     

南非深井岩爆控制技术与中国引进应用评述

南非拥有世界上开采深度最深的矿井和先进的深井开采技术.叙述了南非Driefontein金矿地质及开采简况,详细介绍了南非深井岩爆控制技术(行为规范)主要特点及综合地震监测系统在Driefontein金矿的应用情况.简要总结了中国冬瓜山铜矿自引进该系统对于开展地震(岩爆)监测技术应用以来所取得的主要经验.     

南非矿在炼铁生产中大比例应用的实践

石横特钢借助现有技术手段大比例应用南非矿。烧结配矿中,南非粉达到了25%和45%的配加比例,生产的烧结矿具有较好的低温还原粉化性能,能满足高炉生产要求;通过优化高炉工艺制度,南非块矿入炉比例由4.29%提高到20%。高炉综合入炉品位提高1.0%以上,综合焦比降低5.0kg/t,增产2%,达到了高炉顺行、高产和节焦的效果,为企业拓宽了铁矿石(粉)来源,取得了良好的经济效益。     

配加南非粉对首钢烧结矿产质量影响的研究

为了拓宽首钢烧结用料,达到优化烧结原料结构和降低能耗的目的,根据南非矿粉的物相和理化特性,按不同比例配加南非矿粉进行了烧结杯试验和工业试验,得出了适宜的工艺参数和生产指标,为首钢烧结厂进一步优化配料,改善烧结矿质量,降低烧结能耗提供了依据.     

Early Cambrian Mollusc Watsonella crosbyi: A Potential GSSP Index Fossil for the Base of the Cambrian Stage 2

The mollusc Watsonella crosbyi was studied on the basis of material from the lower Cambrian Dahai Member of the Zhujiaqing Formation in eastern Yunnan, China and the Pestrotsvet Formation of the Aldan River region in the Siberian Platform. This fossil had been excessively described under different names in the literature, such as Heraultia varensalensis Cobboid, 1935, H. sibirica Missarzhevsky, 1974, Heraultipegma yunnanensis He and Yang, 1982, H. yannanese He and Yang,1982, Watsonella yunnanensis, W. crosbyi Grabau, 1900, etc. Taxonomic revision shows that other species are junior synonyms of W. crosbyi. Analysis of functional morphology implies that W. crosbyi may be rather a heicionelloid than a rostroconch since its univalved conch is untorted endogastric and lacks a rostrum and a true internal pegma. Replicas of the original microstrnctures preserved on the surfaces of phosphatic internal moulds confirm that the shell consists of two layers. The inner layer is lamello-fibrillar, and the outer layer is spherulitic prismatic. The widespread geographical occurrences in both siliciclastic and carbonate rocks of the late Terreneuvian indicate that W. crosbyi is an important index fossil for global correlations and subdivision of the Cambrian Series I (Terreneuvian).The first appearance datum (FAD) of W. crosbyi is suggested to be a potential GSSP (Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point) candidate marker for defining the base of the Cambrian Stage 2.     

风水文化在韩国的传播及对韩国居住环境选择之影响

风水学说虽然起源于中国,但其影响力远及朝鲜半岛、日本和东南亚一些国家和地区,并成为这些国家和地区居住文化的重要背景,本文以风水学说为切入点,探讨了风水思想在朝鲜半岛的传播及与朝鲜族固有的思想观念相结合,对韩国居住环境选择的影响和作用。     

"御街"的新生——杭州市"中山南路综合保护工程"设计

中山南路是杭州颇具典型意义的居住性历史街区.基于"中山南路综合保护工程"设计实践的体会,论文分析了中山南路的背景、现状和历史价值,并依据相关理论提炼出"原汁原味、和而不同"的综合保护策略,最后对该工程的使用后评价进行了初步研究.